Grab latest BCS CTFL4 Dumps as PDF Updated on 2026 [Q66-Q88]

QUESTION 66
You are testing a system that is used in motor vehicles to warn the driver of an obstacle when re-versing. Output is provided by a series of LED lights (green, yellow, and red), each illuminated based on clearly defined conditions.
The following summary describes the functionality:
* Object within 10 metres, green LED lit.
* Object within 5 metres, yellow LED lit.
* Object within 1 metre, red LED lit.
* Setting sensitivity mode to “ON” will result in only the red LED being lit when the object is within 1 metre.
The following decision table describes the rules associated with the functioning of this proximity warning system:

Which intended functionality is tested by Rule 5 in the decision table?

Object is within 5 metres of the vehicle and the sensitivity mode is switched “off”, resulting in the yellow LED being lit.

Object is within 5 metres of the vehicle and the sensitivity mode is switched “on”, resulting in the yellow LED being lit.

Object is within 5 metres of the vehicle and the sensitivity mode is switched “off”, resulting in no LED being lit.

Object is within 5 metres of the vehicle and the sensitivity mode is switched “on”, resulting in no LED being lit.

QUESTION 67
Which of the following is not an example of a typical content of a test completion report for a test project?

The additional effort spent on test execution compared to what was planned

The unexpected test environment downtime that resulted in slower test execution

The residual risk level if a risk-based test approach was adopted

The test procedures of all test cases that have been executed

QUESTION 68
A company wants to reward each of its salespeople with an annual bonus that represents the sum of all the bonuses accumulated for every single sale made by that salesperson. The bonus for a single sale can take on the following four values: 3%, 5%, 7% and 10% (the percentage refers to the amount of the single sale).
These values are determined on the basis of the type of customer (classified as “Basic” or “Premium”) to which such sale was made, and on the amount of such sale classified into the following three groups G1, G2 and G3:
* [G1]: less than 300 euros
* [G2]: between 300 and 2000 euros
* [G3]: greater than 2000 euros
Which of the following is the minimum number of test cases needed to cover the full decision table associated with this scenario?

12

6

4

3

QUESTION 69
Which ONE of the following tools would be MOST SUITABLE for facilitating thecreation of test cases, test data, and test procedures?

Test design and implementation toolsare specifically designed for creating test cases, test data, and test procedures.

Static testing toolsas they assist the tester in conducting reviews and static analysis.

DevOps tools, as they support the automated build process and CI/CD.

Test execution and coverage toolsfacilitate the automated execution of tests and the measurement of test coverage.

QUESTION 70
Which ONE of the following options CORRECTLY describes one of the seven principles of the testing process?

The objective of testing is to implement exhaustive testing and execute as many test cases as possible.

Exhaustive testing can only be carried out using behavior-based techniques.

It is impossible to test all possible combinations of inputs and preconditions of a system.

Automated testing enables exhaustive testing.

QUESTION 71
A virtual service emulating a real third-party service and the automated test scripts (aimed at testing the system under test) that interact with that service, are test work products that are typically created during:

Test monitoring and control

Test implementation

Test design

Test analysis

QUESTION 72
For the same financial institution in Question 12, with the same requirements and expectations, what would be the most likely investment values used in testing if two-point boundary value analysis is used to design test cases specific to the 13% interest rate equivalence partition?

R100 000, R100 001, R500 000, R500 001.

R99 999, R100 000, R499 999, R500 000.

R100 000. R500 000.

R99 000, R500 001.

QUESTION 73
The tests at the bottom layer of the test pyramid:

run faster than the tests at the top layer of the pyramid

cover larger pieces of functionalities than the tests at the top layer of the pyramid

are defined as ‘Ul Tests’ or ‘End-To-End tests’ in the different models of the pyramid

are unscripted tests produced by experience-based test techniques

QUESTION 74
As a tester, as part of a V-model project, you are currently executing some tests aimed at verifying if a mobile app asks the user to grant the proper access permissions during the installation process and after the installation process. The requirements specification states that in both cases the app shall ask the user to grant access permissions only to the camera and photos stored on the device. However, you observe that the app also asks the user to grant access permission to all contacts on the device. Consider the following items:
[I]. Test environment
[ii]. Expected result
[iii]. Actual result.
[IV] Test level.
[V]. Root cause.
Based on only the given information, which of the items listed above, are you able to CORRECTLY specify in a defect report?

[l] and [IV]

[ii] and [III].

[ii], [iii] and [v]

[ii], [IV] and [V].

QUESTION 75
Which of the following statements about estimation of the test effort is WRONG?

Once the test effort is estimated, resources can be identified and a schedule can be drawn up.

Effort estimate can be inaccurate because the quality of the product under tests is not known.

Effort estimate depends on the budget of the project.

Experience based estimation is one of the estimation techniques.

* Effort estimate does not depend on the budget of the project, but rather on the scope, complexity, and quality of the software product and the testing activities1. Budget is a constraint that may affect the feasibility and accuracy of the effort estimate, but it is not a factor that determines the effort estimate. Effort estimate is the amount of work required to complete the testing activities, measured in terms of person-hours, person-days, or person-months2.
* The other options are correct because:
* A. Once the test effort is estimated, resources can be identified and a schedule can be drawn up, as they are interrelated aspects of the test planning process3. Resources are the people,tools, equipment, and facilities needed to perform the testing activities4. Schedule is the time frame and sequence of the testing activities, aligned with the project milestones and deadlines5.
* B. Effort estimate can be inaccurate because the quality of the product under tests is not known, as it affects the number and severity of the defects that may be found and the rework that may be needed to fix them6. Quality is the degree to which the software product satisfies the specified requirements and meets the needs and expectations of the users and clients7.
* D. Experience based estimation is one of the estimation techniques, which relies on the judgment and expertise of the testers and other project stakeholders to estimate the test effort based on similar projects or tasks done in the past. Experience based estimation can be useful when there is a lack of historical data, formal methods, or detailed information about the software product and the testing activities.
References =
* 1 ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 154
* 2 ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 155
* 3 ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 156
* 4 ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 157
* 5 ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 158
* 6 ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 159
* 7 ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 16
* [8] ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 160
* [9] ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 161

QUESTION 76
The whole-team approach:

promotes the idea that all team members should have a thorough understanding of test techniques

is a consensus-based approach that engages the whole team in estimating the user stories

promotes the idea that all team members should be responsible for the quality of the product

is mostly adopted in projects aimed at developing safety-critical systems, as it ensures the highest level of testing independence

QUESTION 77
A software company decides to invest in reviews of various types. The thought process they have is that each artifact needs to be reviewed using only one of the review methods depending on the criticality of the artifact.

The thought process is incorrect. The whole company should adopt same standard for review of all artifacts.

The thought process is correct. The whole company should decide or the review method based on their CMM level.

The thought process is incorrect. Same artifact can be reviewed using different review methods

The thought process is correct. It wastes time to review same artifact using efferent review methods

QUESTION 78
Which statement is true regarding confirmation testing and regression testing?

Confirmation testing confirms the quality of the test being run while regression testing ensures that the software still works after a change has been made.

Confirmation testing is an optional activity whilst regression testing is not negotiable.

Confirmation testing aims to verify that a defect has been resolved and regression testing ensuring that existing functionality still works after a change.

Testers’ involvement is essential whilst running retesting and regression testing.

TESTER Involvement is essential whilst running retesting and regression testing.

QUESTION 79
For each of the test cases to be executed, the following table specifies the priority order and dependencies on other test cases

Which of the following test execution schedules is compatible with the logical dependencies and allows executing the test cases in priority order?

TC4, TC3, TC2, TC6, TC5. TC1

TC4, TC6, TC3, TC2, TC5, TC1

TC3, TC5, TC6, TC1, TC4, TC3

TC4, TC3, TC2, TC6, TC1, TC5

QUESTION 80
Which of the following statements best describes the way in which decision coverage is measured?

Measured as the number of statements executed by the tests, divided by the total number of executable statements in the code.

Measured as the number of lines of code executed by the tests, divided by the total number of lines of code in the test object.

Measured as the number of decision outcomes executed by the tests, divided by the total number of decision outcomes in the test object.

It is not possible to accurately measure decision coverage.

QUESTION 81
Which statement is true regarding confirmation testing and regression testing?

Confirmation testing confirms the quality of the test being run while regression testing ensures that the software still works after a change has been made.

Confirmation testing is an optional activity whilst regression testing is not negotiable.

Confirmation testing aims to verify that a defect has been resolved and regression testing ensuring that existing functionality still works after a change.

Testers’ involvement is essential whilst running retesting and regression testing.

TESTER Involvement is essential whilst running retesting and regression testing.

QUESTION 82
Who of the following has the best knowledge to decide what tests in a test project should be automated?

The developer

The customer

The development manager

The test leader

QUESTION 83
Which of the following statements best describes the difference between product risk and project risk in software testing?

Product risk refers to the risk associated with the project’s schedule, budget, and resources, while project risk refers to the risk associated with the quality and functionality of the software product.

Product risk refers to the risk associated with issues such as delays in work product deliveries, inaccurate estimates, while project risk refers to the risk associated with the project’s schedule, budget, and resources.

Product risk and project risk are essentially the same and can be used interchangeably.

Product risk refers to the risk associated with delays in elements such as work product deliveries and inaccurate estimates, while project risk refers to the risk associated with issues such as user dissatisfaction.

QUESTION 84
Which of the following statements about exploratory testing is true?

Exploratory testing is an experience-based test technique in which testers explore the requirements specification to detect non testable requirements

When exploratory testing is conducted following a session-based approach, the issues detected by the testers can be documented in session sheets

Exploratory testing is an experience-based test technique used by testers during informal code reviews to find defects by exploring the source code

In exploratory testing, testers usually produce scripted tests and establish bidirectional traceability between these tests and the items of the test basis

Exploratory testing is an experience-based test technique in which testers dynamically design and execute tests based on their knowledge, intuition, and learning of the software system, without following predefined test scripts or test cases. Exploratory testing can be conducted following a session-based approach, which is a structured way of managing and measuring exploratory testing. In a session-based approach, the testers perform uninterrupted test sessions, usually lasting between 60 and 120 minutes, with a specific charter or goal, and document the issues detected, the test coverage achieved, and the time spent in session sheets. Session sheets are records of the test activities, results, and observations during a test session, which can be used for reporting, debriefing, and learning purposes. The other statements are false, because:
Exploratory testing is not a test technique in which testers explore the requirements specification to detect non testable requirements, but rather a test technique in which testers explore the software system to detect functional and non-functional defects, as well as to learn new information, risks, or opportunities. Non testable requirements are requirements that are ambiguous, incomplete, inconsistent, or not verifiable, which can affect the quality and effectiveness of the testing process. Non testable requirements can be detected by applying static testing techniques, such as reviews or inspections, to the requirements specification, before the software system is developed or tested.
Exploratory testing is not a test technique used by testers during informal code reviews to find defects by exploring the source code, but rather a test technique used by testers during dynamic testing to find defects by exploring the behavior and performance of the software system, without examining the source code. Informal code reviews are static testing techniques, in which the source code is analyzed by one or more reviewers, without following a formal process or using a checklist, to identify defects, violations, or improvements. Informal code reviews are usually performed by developers or peers, not by testers.
In exploratory testing, testers usually do not produce scripted tests and establish bidirectional traceability between these tests and the items of the test basis, but rather produce unscripted tests and adapt them based on the feedback and the findings of the testing process. Scripted tests are tests that are designed and documented in advance, with predefined inputs, outputs, and expected results, and are executed according to a test plan or a test procedure. Bidirectional traceability is the ability to trace both forward and backward the relationships between the items of the test basis, such as the requirements, the design, the risks, etc., and the test artifacts, such as the test cases, the test results, the defects, etc. Scripted tests and bidirectional traceability are usually associated with more formal and structured testing approaches, such as specification-based or structure-based test techniques, not with exploratory testing. Reference: ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level (CTFL) v4.0 sources and documents:
ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, Chapter 2.2.3, Experience-based Test Design Techniques1 ISTQB Glossary of Testing Terms v4.0, Exploratory Testing, Session-based Testing, Session Sheet, Non Testable Requirement, Static Testing, Informal Review, Dynamic Testing, Scripted Testing, Bidirectional Traceability2

QUESTION 85
For each test case to be executed, the following table specifies its dependencies and the required configuration of the test environment for running such test case:

Assume that C0NF1 is the initial configuration of the test environment Based on this assumption, which of the following is a test execution schedule that is compatible with the specified dependencies and allows minimising the number of switches between the different configurations of the test environment^

TC4, TC3, TC2, TC1, TC5.

TCI, TC5, TC4, TC3, TC2

TC4, TC3, TC2, TC5, TC1.

TC4, TC1, TC5, TC2, TC3

QUESTION 86
Consider the following user story about an e-commerce website’s registration feature that only allows registered users to make purchases ; As a new user, I want to register to the website, so that I can start shopping online” The following are some of the acceptance criteria defined for the user story
[a] The registration form consists of the following fields: username, email address, first name, last name, date of birth, password and repeat password.
[b] To submit the registration request, the new user must fill in all the fields of the registration form with valid values and must agree to the terms and conditions.
[c] To be valid, the email address must not be provided by free online mail services that allow to create disposable email addresses. A dedicated error message must be presented to inform the new user when an invalid address is entered.
[d] To be valid, the first name and last name must contain only alphabetic characters and must be between 2 and 80 characters long A dedicated error message must be presented to inform the new user when an invalid first name and/or the last name is entered
[e] After submitting the registration request, the new user must receive an e-mail containing the confirmation link to the e-mail address specified in the registration form Based only on the given information, which of the following ATDD tests is MOST LIKELY to be written first?

The new user enters valid values in the fields of the registration form, except for the email address, where he/she enters an e-mail address provided by a free online mail service that allow to create disposable email addresses. Then he/she is informed by the website about this issue.

The new user enters valid values in the fields of the registration form, except for the first name, where he/she enters a first name with 10 characters that contains a number. Then he/she is informed by the website about this issue.

The user accesses the website with a username and password, and successfully places a purchase order for five items, paying by Mastercard credit card

The new user enters valid values in all the fields of the registration form, confirms to accept all the terms and conditions, submits the registration request and then receives an e-mail containing the confirmation link to the e-mail address specified in the registration form

QUESTION 87
Which ONE of the following roles is responsible for mediating, managing time, and generating a safe review environment in which everyone can speak freely?

Manager

Reviewer

Review leader

Moderator

QUESTION 88
During which main group of test activity are the following tasks performed?
*Checking test results and logs against specified coverage criteria.
*Assessing the level of component or system quality based on test results and logs.
*Determining whether more tests are needed.
Select the correct answer:

Test planning.

Test analysis.

Test design.

Test monitoring and control.

Topic	Details
Topic 1	Fundamentals of Testing: It discusses the basic principles related to testing. The topic evaluates your understandings about the test process.
Topic 2	Testing Throughout the Software Development Lifecycle: This topic explains how testing is incorporated into different development approaches. It also focuses on the concepts of test-first approaches.
Topic 3	Test Analysis and Design: It focuses on black-box and the collaboration-based test approach.

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